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Training for medical professionals

Fundamental and Criteria for Medical Assessment

Miller GE (1990). "The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance"

Epstein RM (2007). "Assessment in medical education"

Van der Vleuten CPM (2010). "A model for programmatic assessment fit for purpose"

Schuwirth LWT (2004). "Changing education, changing assessment, changing research?"

Hodges B (2013). "Assessment in the post-psychometric era: Learning to love the subjective and collective"

Bangert-Drowns (1991) "The Instructional Effect of Feedback in Test-Like Events"

Van der Kleij (2015) "Effects of Feedback in a Computer-Based Learning Environment on Students’ Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis"

Van Melle (2019) "A Core Components Framework for Evaluating Implementation of Competency-Based Medical Education Programs"

The Coalition for Physician Accountability’s Undergraduate Medical Education-Graduate Medical Education Review Committee (UGRC)

Foundational Competencies for Undergraduate Medical Education

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Medical Specialists

Competency-based Education and Programmatic Assessment

Programmatic Assessment:

Entrustable professional Activities (EPA):

Van der Vleuten "A model for programmatic assessment fit for purpose."

Ten Cate (2005) "Entrustability of professional activities and competency-based training"

Hauer (2018) "Translating Theory Into Practice: Implementing a Program of Assessment"

Ten Cate (2007) Competency-based postgraduate training: Can we bridge the gap between theory and clinical practice?"

Hauer (2016) "Ensuring resident competence: a narrative review of the literature on group decision making to inform the work of clinical competency committees"

Workplace-Based Assessment (WBA):

Heeneman (2021) "Ottawa 2020 consensus statement for programmatic assessment – 1. Agreement on the principles"

Norcini (2003) "Workplace-based assessment as an educational tool"

Torre (2021) "Ottawa 2020 consensus statements for programmatic assessment – 2. Implementation and practice"

Holmboe (2010) "The role of assessment in competency-based medical education"

Foundational Competencies:

Precision Education:

Desai (2024) "Precision Education: The Future of Lifelong Learning in Medicine"

Foundational Competencies for Undergraduate Medical Education

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Training for medical professionals

Performance and Learning Assessment

Black (1998) "Assessment and classroom learning"

Boscardin (2024) "How Teachers Can Promote Assessment for Learning During All Phases of Learning"

Hattie (2007) "Theory of Feedback"

Cutrer (2017) "). Fostering the Development of Master Adaptive Learners: A Conceptual Model to Guide Skill Acquisition in Medical Education"

Ende (1983) "Feedback in clinical medical education"

Watling (2012) "Learning culture and feedback: An international study of medical athletes and musicians"

Eva (2005) "Self-assessment in the health professions: A reformulation and research agenda"

Mamede (2004) "The structure of reflective practice in medicine"

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Medical Specialists

Assessment Methods

Open-Ended vs. Multiple Choice:

OSCEs:

Birenbaum (1987) "Open-ended versus multiple-choice response formats—It does make a difference for diagnostic purposes"

Khan (2013) "The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE): AMEE Guide No. 81. Part I: An historical and theoretical perspective"

Wlodarczyk (2021) "Assessment to Optimize Learning Strategies: A Qualitative Study of Student and Faculty Perceptions"

Nevins (2022) "A Call to Action From the California Consortium for the Assessment of Clinical Competence: Making the Case for Regional Collaboration"

Hauer (2020) "Twelve tips for assessing medical knowledge with open-ended questions: Designing constructed response examinations in medical education"

Harden (1975) "Assessment of clinical competence using objective structured examination"

Pell (2010) "How to measure the quality of the OSCE"

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Training for medical professionals

Validity, Reliability, and Framework

Messick (1995) "Validity of psychological assessment: Validation of inferences from persons' responses and performances as scientific inquiry into score meaning"

Kane (2013) "Validating the interpretations and uses of test scores"

Cook (2006) "Current concepts in validity and reliability for medical education assessment"

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Medical Specialists

Operational theories/Frameworks

Lord (1980) "Applications of Item Response Theory to Practical Testing Problems"

Shavelson (1991) "Generalizability Theory: A Primer"

Cizek (2007) "Standard Setting: A Guide to Establishing and Evaluating Performance Standards"

Kramer (2003) "Comparison of a rational and an empirical standard setting procedure for an OSCE"

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Training for medical professionals

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Equity and Assessment Concepts/Frameworks

American Educational Research Association (AERA), American Psychological Association (APA), & National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME). (2014). "Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing"

Hood (1998) "Culturally responsive performance-based assessment: Conceptual and psychometric considerations"

Au (2016) "Meritocracy 2.0: High-stakes standardized testing as racialized neoliberal accountability"

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Medical Specialists

Entrustable Professional Activities

Olle ten Cate "Entrustable Professional Activities and Entrustment Decision-Making for Competency-Based Education in the Health Professions: An Introduction"

Olle ten Cate "Entrustable Professional Activities, Entrustment, and the Conceptualization of Competence in the Health Professions"

Chen "Graded Autonomy and Grounded Self-Determination in Health Professions Education"

Gin "Theoretical Foundations of Trust and Entrustment in Health Professions Education"

Touchie "Validity Theory Applied to Entrustment as an Approach to Assessment"

Taylor "Entrustable Professional Activities and EPA Frameworks Defined"

Hennus "Approaches to Identifying and Elaborating Entrustable Professional Activities"

Taylor "Monitoring and Evaluating EPAs and EPA Frameworks"

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Training for medical professionals

Technology-Enhanced Medical Assessment

Amin (2010) "Technology-enabled assessment of health professions education: Consensus statement and recommendations from the Ottawa 2010 conference"

Fuller (2022) "Technology enhanced assessment: Ottawa consensus statement and recommendations"

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Medical Specialists

Assessment of Research, Professionalism and Other

Schuwirth (2011) "Research in assessment: Consensus statement and recommendations from the Ottawa 2010 Conference"

Rogers (2016) "International consensus statement on the assessment of interprofessional learning outcomes"

Hodges (2011) "Assessment of professionalism: Recommendations from the Ottawa 2010 Conference"

Hodges (2019) "Assessment of professionalism: From where have we come – to where are we going? An update from the Ottawa Consensus Group on the assessment of professionalism"

About US

Educational Approach & Philosophy Related to Assessment

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